why does holden write the composition for stradlater

You'll be billed after your free trial ends. It occurs in Chapter 22, after Holden has slipped quietly back into his apartment and is speaking with Phoebe. A text has some features which make the texture of a text. Because of this fact, a translation based on a one-to-one substitution of words is seldom acceptable. One of those little English jobs that can do around hundred miles an hour. Whatever the difficulty in the translation process, procedures must aim at the essence of the message and faithfulness to the meaning of the source language text being transferred to the target language text. If you do, you start missing everybody"? J. D. Salinger used a lot of stylistic device which made the content of the novel more exiting. Since there is never a good coincidence of meaning between phraseologisms, there is a very high risk of finding others that have different metaphors, a different meaning, and are not at all fit for specific cases. What Stradlater did not expect was that Holden would write about his late brother's baseball glove. Lodge suggests that Salingerunbeknownst to his critics - was playing a kind of Shandean game. Offering a bold alternative to the famously critical 1961 review of Franny and Zooey in which John Updike concedes that Salingers fiction matches the tint and shape of present American life, but insists that it pays the price. He reads Holdens composition and becomes visibly annoyed, asserting that it has nothing to do with the assignment and that its no wonder Holden is being expelled. Most translation theorists agree that translation is understood as a transfer process from a foreign languageor a second languageto the mother tongue. American Literature books summary. This type contain two subtypes and one of these subtypes is Interjections and Exclamatory words which are words that that we use when we express our feelings strongly and which may be said to exist in language as conventional symbols of human emotions. The novel remains widely read, selling around 250,000 copies a year. Holden tears the composition up and throws it away angrily. Some have argued that Salinger's tale of the human condition is fascinating and enlightening, yet incredibly depressing. Holden wouldn't stop talking about Jane and kept calling him a moron and insulting him Where did Holden go immediately after the fight? A list of personal pronoun is provided here: In Romanian variant of the The Catcher in the Rye by J. D. Salinger is presented the tendency to omit the subject pronouns or to use their presupposed noun, because the verb carries an enclitic subject. I mean thats all I told D.B. An important lexical pecularity single out in Salingers writing is the metaphor and in the same time which is one of the main stylistic device used in The Catcher in the Rye. I'd just be the catcher in the rye and all. She had lived next door to Holden before he came to Pencey. The main reasons for the novels extensive banning refer to the colloquial and slang language used by Holden Caulfield and to the books sexual content. The Atlantic Bookshelf, Vol. Stradlater then becomes worried that he has hurt Holden and will get into trouble. Killing time before his date with Sally, Holden decides to walk from Central Park to the Museum of Natural History. Another important type of translation difficulty that was used by the author in his writing The Catcher in the Rye is abbreviation that is a kind of shortening of the words through cutting one of the part of the word and using the apostroph for joining two words, that is the type which create a lot of problem in the prosses of translation.. Therse exemples of translation difficulties used by the author in his vovel The Catcher in the Ray shows to the reader that the writer tried to combine in his work different features of the period in which he activated that is Modernism and some important features of the previous period which is Realism. Salinger is one of the best twentieth-century America authors. The New Republic, Vol. The semantics of a word reflects different signs of the subject and the relation of its meanings to other objects it denotes. Here will be discussed the impact Salinger had, and still has, on writers worldwide. One detail he says is "The best thing, though, in that museum was that everything always stayed right where it was. He fought in war. And finally, it can be said that Salinger didnt assume the fame as well as other authors and hes actually out of the literary world. It is inseparable from our image of Holden, with good reason: it is a symbol of his uniqueness and individuality. How does holden feel about phony people do you share - Course Hero The Importance Of Stradlater'S Composition In The Catcher In - Phdessay What is the setting for The Catcher in the Rye? Because people are unpredictable, they challenge Holden and force him to question his senses of self-confidence and self-worth. Contextual meaning of a word is always effective semantically and stylistically owing to its unexpectedness as well. To this I can also add the already discussed idea that even native speakers can get more meanings from a ST and its translation than by simply reading the ST in original. The symbols I have chosen display Holden Caufields emotions, actions, and way of life. The incident involving the composition about Allie's baseball glove and the fight with Stradlater is intended to establish that Holden has a talent for writing--but only when he feels like writing and only when he can choose the topic. If we talk about the language at Catcher in the Rye, we can say that the author uses a simple writing, with several interjections and qualifier adjectives; the tone of this novel is colloquial and full of teenagers expressions (it is written in a monologue and in lively slang; its also important the chronolect). Holden and Stradlater make there way down to a bathroom because Stradlater needs to shave. While arguments attempt to show that something is, will be, or should be the case, explanations try to show why or how something is or will be. It also helps to improve ones understanding of the principal rules of translation which plays leading role while processing translation. It first appears in Chapter 16, when a kid Holden admires for walking in the street rather than on the sidewalk is singing the Robert Burns song Comin' Thro' the Rye. In Chapter 22, when Phoebe asks Holden what he wants to do with his life, he replies with his image, from the song, of a catcher in the rye. Holden imagines a field of rye perched high on a cliff, full of children romping and playing. The second reason, causing lexical difficulties to translation is the difference in the semantic volume of a word. Latest answer posted February 26, 2021 at 10:56:04 AM. "The Catcher in the Rye" is supposedly being written in the first person by a sixteen-year-old boy. From History to Procedures, Zainurrahman 2009; http://www.accessmylibrary.com/coms2/summary; http://lobeckta.tripod.com/carnavaldebinche/id7.html; Roderick A. Jacobs, English Syntax, A Grammar for English Language Professionals, Oxford University Press 1995; Salinger J. D. , The Catcher in the Ray, Penguin Book/Group 1958; Thesaurus of American Slang. . This may be intended to explain why he doesn't write about his adventures and misadventures in New York until some time after these events have occurred. "Mad about Children." "Aw, the World's a Crumby Place." However, the story had reached a turning point and Holden was at the height of his preoccupation, therefore, he could not think on the directions, so he decided to write about a baseball glove. Not only poets and writers, but also journalists frequently create unexpected word combination that makes their statements significantly vivid and original. What I have to do, I have to catch everybody if they start to go over the cliffI mean if they're running and they don't look where they're going I have to come out from somewhere and catch them. Its possible that Salingers character in this case, Holden- is expressed in his own works: some literary critics insist that the author is very controversial, and his novels are not simple. Because false friends are a common problem for language learners, teachers sometimes compile lists of false friends as an aid for their students. When Holden finally snaps and attacks his roommate, Stradlater easily overpowers him, and when he tries to seek refuge in Ackleys room, Ackley is so unpleasant that Holden cannot relax. According to Lotfipour-Saedi, the texture of a text can be characterized by textual features of: Cohesive relations may be grammatical or lexical. The place or state of punishment of the wicked after death; the abode of evil and condemned spirits; Used as an intensifier to express surprise, anger, impatience, etc. There are different kinds of difficulties that appear during the process of translation and one of the main is lexical difficulties which is one of the main .Lexical difficulties in translation deals especially with the word meaning. Sometimes it is hard to do all the work on your own. Afterwards, Salinger struggled with unwanted attention, including a legal battle in the 1980s with biographer Ian Hamilton and the release in the late 1990s of memoirs written by two people close to him: Joyce Maynard, an ex-lover; and Margaret Salinger, his daughter. Once the idiom has been recognized and understood, the task is not yet finished: in the contrary, one could say that has just begun. Supplementations of parts of speech are characterized by several factors: difference in structures of the sentences and that short English sentences demand spread translation in the Romanian language. They also represent what he fears most about the adult world: complexity, unpredictability, and potential for conflict and change. Every citizen how the rights of life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. what do numbers in parentheses mean on a bill; salina cruz mexico real estate; how do i email sanjay gupta. Alex Gross, The Theories of Translation. The museum represents the world Holden wishes he could live in: it's the world of his catcher in the rye fantasy, a world where nothing ever changes, where everything is simple, understandable, and infinite. In contextual usage of a word in poetry or prose often point to the authors penetration into the depth of the words semantic structure. on 50-99 accounts. And it is quite natural that this matter covers a wide range of examples. Ccrowther Jonathan and Cavanagh Katchryn, Oxford Guide to British and American Culture, Oxford University Press 2003; Printice Hall Literature American Experience, Second Edition, Printice Hall Edgewood Cliffs, New Jersey, Needham Massachusetts 1991; Crystal, David, The English Language. cite it. For example: it was made a calques translation from miles an hour ; the places mentioned in the source text (Hollywood and New York) stay in the target text, although New York is translated into New York, which is the generally accepted Romanian translation (recognized translation). An important stylistic device that was used by the author in his writing is epithet. Yet, while his behavior indicates his loneliness, Holden consistently shies away from introspection and thus doesn't really know why he keeps behaving as he does. When he finally gets around to writing Stradlater's composition, he only does it because he is thinking about his dead brother and sees how he could write that "descriptive composition" about Allie. Stuff may also refer to: This word appear in the novel from the first pages ofthe noveland the author used the all meanings of the word stuff. In translation from English to other languages it is faced the conflict of two completely different cultures, levels of development, customs and traditions. The following example point out that the writers style is so rich and full of different devices from which can be deduced the next translation difficulties which are find out from the novel during the process of analyzing the both variants of the novel English and Romanian: Related with the informal nature stated, it must also point out the absence of any type of logical structure in Holdens discourse. From History to Procedures, Zainurrahman 2009; Breit, Harvey. The most frequent types of difficulties arising from translation that can be proposed to assess in any translation are the following: The method of penalization of errors must be previously established, using clear criteria, and placing emphasis on the lack of coherence, especially regarding meaning and sense, whether it is due to faulty translation, missing items or the wrong application of lexical, semantic, grammatical, graphemic and/or cultural transfer. Why is it ironic? He is frightened because he is guilty of the sins he criticizes in others, and because he can't understand everything around him. Lexical peculiarities - are the stylistic devices used by the author in his work. He stands up for Harley and Maddi and against protagonists like Nathan throughout the novel. Once an idiom or fixed expression has been recognized and interpreted correctly, the next step is to decide how to translate it into the target language. The general impression is that the Romanian translation is direct, it does not use so many euphemisms, it has more gains, its language is more modern, closer to the contemporary teenage colloquial speech, and more colorful. They are classified as : The first four are grammatical and the last one lexical. If you don't see it, please check your spam folder. The real thing, with the curtain of language somehow made transparent. The researched material showed all the types of translation difficulties used in the work The Catcher in the Ray by the author. The combination of the first two types of are clear pointed out to the reader in the beginning where the author used indirect speech for giving clear details about the main character and also this type is used through whole novel for giving more detail where it is necessary, the direct speech is used by the author in order to show to the reader the way of talking of the characters of the novel. The mitt is representative of a "loss of innocence". Throughout the novel, Holden seems to be excluded from and victimized by the world around him. Nevertheless the translators have tried to compensate this loss through distinctive methods. Creative solutions to translation problems; Transfer and re-wording (use of translation procedures); Assessment of the result and post-edition; One difficulty in translation stems from the fact that most words have multiple meanings. Chapter 4-6 Flashcards | Quizlet In both cases, we sense that although Holden envisions himself as the protector rather than the one to be protected, he is the one who really needs to be caught. Holden is an immature boy who in trying to seem older tends to lean more towards phoniness, a quality he despises in others. Holden cannot get a moment alone; Ackley continues to barge in with his made-up sex stories, and when Holden writes the very personal composition about his brother Allie, Stradlater criticizes it and then taunts Holden about Jane. elements of grammar, which Popovic sees as being a higher category than lexical equivalence. A large number of idioms in English, and probably all languages, have both a literal and an idiomatic meaning. The Oxford Advanced Learners Dictionary, Sixth Edition, Oxford University Press 2007; http://dictionary.oed.com/cgi/entry/50034626?single=1&query_type=word&queryword=catharsis&first=1&max_to_show=10. Holdens kindness to Ackley in Chapter 5 comes as a surprise after the disdain that Holden has displayed for him in the previous two chapters. cookie policy. Holdens curiosity about where the ducks go during winter shows a more genuine and youthful side to his character. why does holden write the composition for stradlater Then I got the hell out. He and his friend Mal Brossard decide to take a bus into Agerstown to see a moviethough Holden hates moviesand Holden convinces Mal to let Ackley go with them. If you do, you start missing everybody"? Its a fine book, with interesting racial perspectives and the conflict is about cultural differences. In this first chapter were also presented major biographical data on Salingers life and on his literary works in chronological order in order to emphasize the similarities and differences between his life and some of the events presented in his fiction. Learn which of the following circumstances usually comes before a period of economic contraction? This is not possible. We must think that the authors language was revolutionary, new and controversial at the time his first stories were published. Members will be prompted to log in or create an account to redeem their group membership. I was wondering if it would be frozen over when I got home, and if it was, where did the ducks go? The fact that a novel of such radical social opinion and observation was written in a time of conservatism in America made it all the more controversial. Anyway, Holden responds by doing a tap dance like you see in the movies, which he hates but gets a bang (his words) out of imitating. I have also tried to briefly present the reception of the novel, the translations and solutions offered to the problems raised by Salingers use of colloquial language in other countries. This shows that Holden wants to save him and other people from growing up one day. Latest answer posted March 19, 2020 at 11:46:52 PM. One must remember, however, in the study and critique of the novel, particularly for a researcher or critic in 1996 that the story was written in a different time. Although he encounters opportunities for both physical and emotional intimacy, he bungles them all, wrapping himself in a psychological armor of critical cynicism and bitterness. In much the same way arguments and explanations may be confused with each other, so too may explanations and justifications. This quotation is from Holden's conversation with Spencer in Chapter 2. Holden realizes the irony that he is flunking out of Pencey, yet is still asked to do work for others. In his definition of translation equivalence, Popovic distinguished four types: Linguistic equivalence, where there is homogeneity on the linguistic level. So it can be consider that J. D. Salinger has a rich literary base and he becomes a kind of teacher for several big writers. The main difficulties involved in translating idioms and fixed expressions may be summarized as follows: Like single words, idioms and fixed expressions may be culture-specific. I wondered if some guy came in a truck and took them away to a zoo or something. So this book supposed a big phenomenon of sales during Fifties and Sixties; but today, in the XXI century, catch more supporters and it is still editing, there are a lot of editions in different languages. The third problem is the use of bilingual dictionaries. Holden is obsessed with childhood because he chooses to be wedged between a world of the innocence of children and the complex world of adulthood. (Salinger 201). catcher in the rye study guide Flashcards | Quizlet It is characteristic to English language the availability of words with wide spread meaning. J. D. Salinger used in his writing a lot of interjections that easily presented the feelings that feel the characters of the novel. To show the definition of the translation difficulties and to identify the types that could exist; To describe the main features of J. D. Salingers work The Catcher in the Rye; To make a clear deffinition of the lexical peculiarities and to point the types of this peculiarities for identification of them in the Salinger's work The Catcher in the Rye; To analize Salinger's work and to identify the translation difficulties in The Catcher in the Rye.; To identify the main meaning of the words that were used by the author in the order to point out their function in the context; To point out the usage of the lexical peculiarities and translation difficulties in the analysed text; To investigate grammatical, lexical, stylistic and phraseological difficulties of translation in J. D. Salingers The Catcher in the Rye. Holdens actions are inconsistent with his opinions, but instead of making him seem like a hypocrite, this makes him more likable: he is kind to Ackley without commenting on it, and he shows himself capable of going to the movies with his friends like a normal teenager. What I have to do, I have to catch everybody if they start to go over the cliff-I mean if theyre running and they dont look where theyre going I have to come out from somewhere and catch them. There are two cases in which an idiom can be easily misinterpreted if one is not already familiar with it: Apart from being alert to the way speakers and writers manipulate certain features of idioms and to the possible confusion which could arise from similarities in form between source and target expressions, a translator must also consider the collocational environment which surrounds any expression whose meaning is not readily accessible. Hes trying to get across that Holden hates conflict, hes confused by Allies senseless death, and he fears interaction with other people. Describe Holden's relationship with Jane Gallagher in The Catcher in the Rye. Some stupid guy had thrown peanut shells all over the stairs, and I damn near broke my crazy neck. The topic of the composition is to describe a room or a house; however, describing something meaningful only leads to . Free trial is available to new customers only. The Catcher In the Rye are both among the most important novels of the twentieth century. Salinger's language, especially his energetic, realistically sparse dialogue, was revolutionary at the time his first stories were published, and was seen by several critics as "the most distinguishing thing" about his work, During the investigation of this paper was identifying that J. D. Salingers style was marked by different themes, techniques that were used for achieving a good work such as J. D. Salingers The Catcher in the Ray., After researching this paper it was established that: Lexical peculiarities - are the stylistic devices used by the author in his work. you to an academic expert within 3 minutes. Words in languages have some definite relation characteristic only to the given language. New York: Harper & Row, 1989. http://www.bellmore-merrick.k12.ny.us/catcher.html; http://www.sparknotes.com/lit/catcher/facts.html. You can view our. The scientists identify the next types of translation difficulties and these types are: The first step towards an examination of the process of translation must be to accept that although translation has a central core of linguistic activity, it belongs most properly to semiotics, the science that studies sign systems or structures, sign processes and sign functions (Hawkes, Structuralism and Semiotics, London, 1977). his brevity, conciseness and concentration of style; his attentiveness to details and to exact dates and facts; his constant reference to parts of the human body; his leitmotif of the letter or note; his constant way of picturing certain female characters painting their nails or toenail or the recurrent motif of a man holding a childs feet; his constant references to colors and the symbolism within colors; his penchant for coining new words or changing different parts of speech into others; his inclination of dealing with psychological problems in his fiction; his tendency to use the pattern of sequencesequence in his characters namesin his themes, etc.

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