Blah, blah.). Rowan Cruft, Title of Book Review (2011) Law & Philosophy 637. For example: Also, order the sources with legislation before cases, and primary sources before secondary. Pinpoints follow the citation and come before the web address. Author,Title in Italics(edition, publisher date) page. Mike Molan, Duncan Bloy and Denis Lanser If there are more than three authors, cite the first author followed by 'and others'. If a case is reported in the Law Reports you should cite it in preference to any other report. Headings within the text are encouraged. Gunther Teubner, Legal Irritants: Good Faith in British Law or How Unifying Law Ends up in New Divergences [1998] MLR 11. For example. The relevant abbrevations are: subsection / subsections to sub-s/ sub-ss, subparagraph / subparagraphs to subpara/subparas. Do not use conjunctions (e.g. Put a comma after the first page of the article if there is a pinpoint. If the reference is to an editorial, cite the author as Editorial. Page numbers stand-alone without p or pp. For reports where each year is also identified with a volume number, the year appears in normal brackets. OSCOLA Referencing Style. Mike Molan, Duncan Bloy and Denis Lanser. It is a guide to legal citation developed by the Oxford Law Faculty and is an authoritative way to prepare legal citation in the UK academic world. The Oxford University Standard for the Citation of Legal Authorities (OSCOLA) is a referencing style used by students and academics in law. Misc (multiple authors, editors.) PDF Referencing using OSCOLA - Anglia Ruskin University List legislation, cases and secondary sources in separate sections of your bibliography in alphabetical order. Where cases concern only individuals, leave out forenames and initials. the name of the journal in roman, in full or abbreviated form, with no full stops; and. Paul Craig, 'Theory, "Pure Theory" and Values in Public Law' [2005] PL 440. As with case reports, square brackets are used for years in a journal citation if the year also identifies the volume; normal brackets are used when there are multiple volumes in a year. Cite a Bill by its title, the House in which it originated, the Parliamentary session in brackets, and the running number assigned to it. ), For more detailed information see OSCOLA 1.2.2. Based on Referee Reports and his or her own assessment, the Managing Editor will make a recommendation on disposition to the Editorial Board, which has final responsibility for each decision on each submission. JAG Griffith, The Common Law and the Political Constitution (2001) 117 LQR 42, 64. When citing explanatory notes to statutes, precede the name of the statue with Explanatory notes to the. To create a footnote in Microsoft Word, click your mouse on the place you If the information is only available online, give the URL before the accessed date information. Registered office: Creative Tower, Fujairah, PO Box 4422, UAE. Alison L Young, In Defence of Due Deference (2009) 72 MLR 554. However if the articleis only available online, use the same format as for print journals but at the end of the citation add the web address within < > marks and the date you most recently accessed the article. For shorter essays, this is usually not necessary, but do check your institutions guidelines. If citing an online encyclopedia, give the URL and date of access: See OSCOLA 4th edn 3.2.6 for more details. For more detailed information see OSCOLA 1.2. not a result of a search in a database). when there is no volume number). For example: Another alternative, particularly if the podcast is quite long, would be to provide the minutes and seconds of the excerpt: Author, 'Title' (additional information, publisher year), Footnote: Analysis Pieces should normally not exceed 4,000 words. (Oxford: OUP, 2018)). accessed 15 Jan 2014. Try to avoid secondary referencing as it is always preferable to use the original source and you should always try to locate this. A longer dash is used to separate a sentence from a side remark (e.g. Laurie,Genetic Privacy,supra n. 24, p. 3 or Laurie and Dove, Consent and Anonymisation,supran. 25, pp. Journal articles Start with the article author (first name/initial then surname, multiple authors to be treated as per books), then the article title in single quotes. Information to include: OSCOLA is a footnote referencing style. Pajunen, K. 2008. Even if youre still at school, learning how to reference now means you wont get caught out at university. Alan Wright and Nicholas Hastie (eds. Debian -- bullseye texlive-bibtex-extra author, | 'Title' | date | volume number | journal title | 1st page of article | pinpoint (if needed) Paul Craig, 'Theory, "Pure Theory" and Values in Public Law' [2005] PL 440. 1 Robert Stevens, Torts and Rights (OUP 2007). Trevor Bench-Capon, Transition Systems for Designing and Reasoning about Norms (2015) 23(4), Michel Foucault, The Subject and Power (1982) 8(4), 2023 SCRIPTed DOI: 10.2966/scrip ISSN: 1744-2567, Territoriality in Intellectual Property Law: Examining the Tension between Securing Societal Goals and Treating Intellectual Property as an Investment Asset, Copyright in AI-generated works: Lessons from recent developments in patent law. Do not use an ampersand (&). To use a footnote, put a superscript number into your text and then the footnote at the bottom of the page. Articles should not normally exceed 10,000 words (including footnotes). The full citation need only be given at the first reference to the case, which should also provide the shorthand reference to be used in subsequent citations. 26 Stevens (n 1) 110. When referring to a previous citation a number of footnotes back, use the short version of the case and add n as an abbreviation signposting the number of the footnote. authordate -- Author/date style citation styles beebe -- A collection of bibliographies besjournals -- Bibliographies suitable for British Ecological Society journals bestpapers -- A BibTeX package to produce lists of authors' best papers bib2gls -- Command line application to convert .bib files to glossaries-extra.sty resource files For further references to the case, use a short form of the case name and a cross-citation in brackets to the original footnote. The company contracts with institutions, including the Universities of Oxford, Cambridge and Yale, for the use of their facilities, and also contracts with tutors from those institutions, but does not operate under the aegis of the University of Oxford or those other institutions. LLS Home: OSCOLA referencing guide: Order of author's name Lets look at the OSCOLA system in detail, and how you can cite a wide range of legal sources. Authors will be sent anonymised copies of Referee comments. If you are yourself the author or recipient of the communication, say from author or to author as appropriate. when the previous footnote was also about that source), you can simply use ibid (Latin for in the same place): In this example, the second footnote also refers to Davis v Dignam, but to page 522 instead of page 519. Referees will recommend one of the following options: (1) accept outright for publication; (2) accept subject to minor modification; (3) accept subject to major modification; (4) reject outright. You must enter the date that you accessed the article. }}n,"ty3S3s?HL`OG5:Z@/$e|{7F.4!H//nyLo?$4b%=n). A submission will only be considered where the author warrants that their manuscript has not already been published or offered for publication elsewhere in whole, in part, or in substance (including on publicly accessible websites, such as SSRN). No further changes will be allowed to the text absent compelling justification. 428 0 obj
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If submissions are made in a language other than English, the Title and Abstract must also be submitted in English. See theOSCOLA guidesand our Referencing with Confidence OSCOLA Guide for more details. John Smith). Herberg J, Injunctive Relief for Wrongful Termination of Employment (DPhil thesis, University of Oxford 1989), UNICEF Country programme document: China (10 August 2015) E/ICEF/2015/P/L.22, UNHCR Assistance to refugees, returnees and displaced persons in Africa. [Online]. In round brackets, the city of publication, followed by a colon, the publisher, followed by a comma, and the year of publication (e.g. Please use double quotation marks ( ) when defining a term for use in the article (e.g. 44(12), pp.2512-2518. author, Title of chapter' in editor (ed), title in italics(additional information,publisheryear). Traditional multispectral detectors usually consist of multiple monochromatic detectors or use filters to achieve specific wavelength detection. Statutory instruments (orders, regulations or rules) are numbered consecutively throughout the year. If no person, organisation or institution claims responsibility for the work, begin the citation with the title. They should only be produced by means of the word processors automatic footnote function (with Arabic numerals, consecutively numbered). For a case, cite in full the first time. If no individual author is identified, but an organisation or institution claims editorial responsibility for the work, then cite it as the author. 0
Books - OSCOLA - LibGuides at Coventry University If you read a book in a language other than English (eg, you read a book written in German), cite the primary source in the original language: Cite a book review in the same way as a journal article, but without the quote marks. twenty-four). You need to be very precise when using quotations. 2006). Edward Dove, Jiahong Chen, and Laurence Diver). So, the Children Act 1989 becomes CA 1989 (not just CA). Each primary word should begin with a capital letter (e.g. If the newspaper is divided into sections, and the page numbering begins afresh in each section, put the section name in roman before the page number, with a space but no comma between the two. For Book Reviews, our in-house Book Review template should be used. When asked about the role of a newspapers proprietor Rupert Murdoch said: Section 4(2) of the Human Rights Act 1998 states in s 4(2) of the Human Rights Act 1998 and in ss 6-9 of that Act Clarkson CMV and Keating HM and Cunningham SR. 1. These remarks made by the Director of company X indicate that). Dont use popular titles of Acts, for example, Lord Campbells Act. While the Copy Editor does NOT check the accuracy of citations, s/he reserves the right to make amendments considered necessary to achieve SCRIPTed stylistic and formatting standards, and may make changes with a view to (1) eliminating errors of typing, grammar, syntax, punctuation, spelling, and idiom, (2) eliminating ambiguity, illogicality, tautology, circumlocution and redundancy, (3) producing accuracy and coherence, and (4) improving the mode of expression and style of writing. There is no specific guidance on this within OSCOLA. An example of a typical case citation with a neutral citation is: Corr v IBC Vehicles Ltd [2008] UKHL 13, [2008] 1 AC 884. Include the person's position if relevant. Cases are written in a similar format here and in the main text; the only difference is the names of the parties involved are not italicised in the table of cases: The table of legislation includes all legal sources used other than cases for example, bills, Acts of Parliament and SIs. for more details. Section instead of s.. Greenleaf G, The Global Development of Free Access to Legal Information (2010) 1(1) EJLT accessed 27 July 2010, Sarah Cole, Virtual Friend Fires Employee (, Cole S, Virtual Friend Fires Employee (. For more detailed information, see OSCOLA 1.5. Our comprehensive guide refers to the 4th edition of OSCOLA produced by the University of Oxford. use the following format for the footnote: Information to include: If a footnote references more than one work by the same author or authors, or refers to a prior footnote containing more than one work, please cite the surname(s) of the author(s), a shortened title of the work being cited, and the footnote where it first appears, e.g. In OSCOLA referencing, referring to a specific page number within a source is called pinpointing. Retrieved 27 February 2023, Lorenzo Magnani, Morality in a Technological World: Knowledge as Duty (Cambridge: CUP, 2007), p. 25. OSCOLA was first devised in 2000 by Regius Professor Peter Birks, with the aim of reducing the "woeful waste of scholarly time caused by the absence of a national standard for citation . Authors should provide between three and six keywords highlighting the field(s) and topic(s) of their submission. The tables and bibliography appear at the end of your text. Remove additional data for ONLINE sources, Enter the date you accessed the journal in dd Month YYYY format. If youre citing a case before 1865, it doesnt require the court. author, | title | [year] | journal name or abbreviation | first page of article,| specific page referred to, author, | title | (year) | volume | journal name or abbreviation | first page of article. In the Bibliographythe surname is provided first, followed by the initial of the first name: If there are up to three authors, cite all the authors: Author 1, Author 2 and Author 3. e.g. Required fields are marked *. ), Genes and Common Disease: Genetics in Modern Medicine (Cambridge: CUP, 2007). If available online, include the URL and date of access. Subsequent citations may use the abbreviated form. You should then follow the title with publication information in brackets. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Graham Greenleaf, The Global Development of Free Access to Legal Information (2010) 1(1) EJLT accessed 27 July 2010. In a longer work, such as a thesis or dissertation, OSCOLA requires you to include tables listing any cases and legislation you cited, as well as a bibliography listing any secondary sources. Revised on If you source an article online which is also available in hard copy, cite the hard copy version. If the relevant law report series was also issued in more than one volume in that particular year, give it a volume number. In the bibliography, list Command Papers alphabetically by author in Secondary Sources. Articles, Analysis Pieces, Case/Legislation Comments and Conference Reports should be written using our Article template. For a comprehensive list of legal abbreviations, use the Cardiff index. In text:refer to the text giving case names in italics eg: InPhipps v Boardman31.. For most sources in OSCOLA, the bibliographic format is the same as the footnote. Don't worry, you can come back and edit the reference if you need to correct or add any information. For example, in the following citation, the first number refers to the page on which the report begins, while the second number pinpoints the passage youre referring to: Where available, paragraph numbers should be used instead of page numbers. Case name in italics [year] court number, [year] OR (year) volume report abbreviation first page. URLs should not be italicised, put within or within (parentheses). Quotes within such quotes should be presented with double quotation marks (). There should be an asterisk (*) after each authors name, which corresponds to an asterisked footnote, giving the authors current position(s) of employment, department where appropriate, university, city, country, and email address (e.g. The general principles for other secondary sources (OSCOLA 4th ed. A Journal of Law, Technology & Society
Do notuse italics for text in the footnote unless it is a Latin abbreviation or a reference to a case or book requiring italics (e.g. Please also consult the Oxford English Dictionary (OED) for correct spellings. If the information is available in print, reference the print version. Ensure that every footnote corresponds correctly with the footnote that it references (e.g. International Journal of Food Science & Technology. If online journals lack some of the publication elements for OSCOLA, follow the citation advice of the online journal. Additionally, note that the year (for the report) is displayed differently depending on whether it is essential to the citation. Where there are multiple parties in cases, you should name only the first claimant and the first defendant. The information to include depends on the types of source - see the examples. Also consider elements of the style advice for websites and blogs (section 3.4.8). A footnote is marked in the text with a footnote number, which appears at the end of the relevant sentence or clause. Below you will find guidance and examples of how to set out a footnote reference to a book with two or threeauthorsandin the bibliography. Lord Williams. Introduction to OSCOLA referencing style The Oxford Standard for Citation of Legal Authorities (OSCOLA) was developed at Oxford University, and is widely used by law schools and publishers to acknowledge source information. statutes and so on), as well as secondary sources such as books, journal articles, websites and policy statements . An example of a footnote for an online article: James Gobert, 'The Corporate Manslaughter and Corporate Homicide Act 2007: Thirteen Years in the Making but was it Worth the Wait?' In-text citations & footnotes OSCOLA uses a footnote citation system. If there is no title, use the name of the case in italics instead, and put note at the end of the citation. Book Reviews should be written using our Book Review template. You should also consult your lecturer and refer to your departmental handbook OSCOLA Referencing Guide. For example: Tom Bingham, The Rule of Law (Alan Lane 2010). Email from Amazon.co.uk to author (16 December 2008), CJ Friedrich, Constitutions and Constitutionalism, International. Polyphenols: food sources, properties and applications - a review. Generally, footnotes should be used for citationof sources, rather than for additional text. Full citation (including footnote number for illustration) 3 John Knowles, Effective Legal Research (4 th edn, Sweet & Maxwell 2016) 33.. Authors' surname and cross-citation to footnote number 3. Include the edition and year. The table of cases comes first, followed by the table of legislation, and then the bibliography. Referencing - OSCOLA Secondary sources Primary sources are the law itself -- cases, legislation, regulations. Cross-references to footnotes above should take the form supran. 25, and cross-references to footnotes below should take the form infra n. 25. Author,Title(edition,Publisher | year) page number. OSCOLA referencing guide (Online): Repeating Citations - Swansea University Seeing as the content of working papers are subject to change, make sure you put the date of access. In footnotes write the first authors name followed by and others. An innovative new tool that checks your APA citations with AI software. The OJ citation should be: year, OJ series, number / page. A case name should be given as it appears in the most authoritative report of the case. 651 0 obj
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Referencing Styles: OSCOLA | The Online Library Scribbr. Secondary sources include books, journal articles, legal blogs, encyclopedias like Halsbury's, Topic guides in Westlaw, and anything that isn't 'the law'. 39(4), pp.652-669. Neville states that The Oxford University Commonwealth Law Journal was involved in developing the OSCOLA referencing system. For example: Penalties for Disorderly Behaviour (Amendment of Minimum Age) Order 2004, SI 2004/3166. Balogh v Hungary App no 47940/99 (ECtHR, 20 July 2004). for more details. If there are more than three authors, give the name of the first author followed by 'and others'. J Herring). If the book has up to three authors, include and in between each author. OSCOLA is an acronym which stands for the Oxford University Standard for Citation of Legal Authorities. Where you cite an author of a secondary source their name should appear as it does on the publication with first name/ initials before surname. For example, in Glebe Motors plc v Dixon-Greene can be shortened to in the Glebe Motors case or in Glebe Motors. PDF quick reference: COMMONLY USED CITATION STYLES - Tamil Nadu National INDIAN LAW INSTITUTE: 1. Unless otherwise specified below, SCRIPTed follows the Oxford Standard for Citation of Legal Authorities (OSCOLA). Where English is used, please comply with British English (see Spelling below). A House of Lords judge (or Law Lord) is called Lord Brown or Lady Brown, depending on gender. For example, the following is a citation of volume 3, page 75 of Blackstones Commentaries on the Laws of England: OSCOLA provides a list of these abbreviations in their full guide, section 4.2.3. If there is no obvious author/speaker, begin the citation with the title of the programme. All submissions will be subject to the journals Editorial and Refereeing Policies. Robert Stevens, Torts and Rights (OUP 2007).. 26. Tonking S,Jury Trial (BBC Radio 4, 1 May 2010) accessed 15 February 2013. It is good practice to use cross citation as little as possible. With online journals that have been published electronically, give publication details the same way you would for hard copy journal articles. hbbd```b`` iX$&``j0L.GI Hc~
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If there are several works by the same author, use the surname and the title of the work (or a short form of the title). Oscola by Donal Nolan (Editor); Sandra Meredith (Editor); Faculty of Law, University of Oxford Staff Call Number: D 340.074 OSC ISBN: 9781849463676 Publication Date: 2012-04-26 Examples of citing sources using OSCOLA These are some examples of how you might cite some common legal materials using OSCOLA. Morten Hviid, Sofia Izquierdo-Sanchez, and Sabine Jacques, Computers as Inventors Legal and Policy Implications of Artificial Intelligence on Patent Law, http://www.askoxford.com/betterwriting/us/?view=uk, Oxford Standard for Citation of Legal Authorities (OSCOLA), https://www.openrightsgroup.org/blog/2017/a-brief-chance-for-better-uk-data-protection-law, https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2017/may/09/uber-licence-drivers-gmb-transport-for-london, Timed influence: The future of Modern (Family) life and the law, Predicting Innovation: Why Facebook/WhatsApp Merger Flunked, Georgia vs. Public.Resource.org: The Morning After. Intellectual Property Law in Scotland). Referencing is an essential part of academic writing. In the House of Commons, written answers are indicated by the suffix W after the column number; in the House of Lords, they are indicated by the prefix WA before the column number. OSCOLA referencing, sometimes referred to as Oxford referencing, is a style of referencing primarily used in UK academic content related to the law. See 3.3.4 OSCOLA 4th edn for more details. If neither of these is the case, use J for judge, e.g. His Lordship opined thatthe pursuers case failed..
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